Maulshree Bhandari and Surabhi Sharma
Camellia sinensis belonging to family Theaceae, commonly called as tea is the most widely used refreshing beverage accepted globally. It has two variety such as Green tea and black depending upon its method of cultivation. Green teas are non-fermented minimally oxidized variety of tea. Green tea has also attracted the research limelight because of its variety of Phenols with versatile pharmacology and health effects. There are wide range of green tea some are Biluochun, Gunpowder, Genmaicha, Matcha, Sencha. Matcha which commonly originates in Japan and is a type of powdered green tea, cultivated and produced in a traditional way. Shading of the plants during the growth period enhances the processes of accumulation and synthesis of biologically active compounds, including caffeine, theanine, chlorophyll and various types of catechins. Retention of chlorophyll results in soothing green colour of tea and theanine for it non bitter taste. Green tea contains four main catechins, i.e., (−)-epicatechin-3-gallate (ECG), (−)-epicatechin (EC), (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and (−)-epigallocatechin (EGC), of which (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is the most active and is present in abundance and matcha is their best condensed source. Matcha tea is considered as highest quality tea Due to its unique chemical composition and texture, which also sets it apart from other tea beverages. Its high content of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory substances attributes the various health-promoting properties. Due to its potential for preventing many diseases and illness, regular consumption of matcha may have a positive effect on both physical and mental health. The aim of this review was to compile the native origin and health benefits of matcha tea along with its side effects.
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